Realidad virtual para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de Trastornos de Conducta Alimentaria: una revisión sistemática
Resumen
Introducción: Los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria (TCA) se caracterizan por un miedo intenso a ganar peso y conductas de control del mismo. Las personas con TCA manifiestan peor calidad de vida que la población general y el abordaje de sus complicaciones supone elevados costes socio-sanitarios. Materiales y métodos: Para comprobar la eficacia de la Realidad Virtual (RV) como he-rramienta de diagnóstico y/o soporte al tratamiento de TCA, se realizó una revisión sistemática de artículos publicados entre 2012 y 2018 en PubMed (MEDLINE). Resultados: Se seleccionaron 7 ar-tículos que emplearon la RV como tratamiento, 5 como soporte diagnóstico y 3 como ambas (N=15). Conclusiones: La RV demuestra ser efectiva para mitigar la ansiedad ante la exposición a alimentos, reducir conductas exageradas de control de peso, y facilitar el abordaje terapéutico del auto-concepto e imagen corporal. También demostró mayor eficacia frente al tratamiento conven-cional o como tratamiento de segundo nivel.Palabras clave
Psicología experimental, Psicoterapia, Realidad Virtual, Trastornos de la conducta alimentariaCitas
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